IJIEEB Vol. 9, No. 1, 8 Jan. 2017
Cover page and Table of Contents: PDF (size: 1276KB)
Full Text (PDF, 1276KB), PP.36-46
Views: 0 Downloads: 0
Prefetching, caching, roulette-wheel selection, distributed system, hit rate, bandwidth, distributed web based system
Caching is a very important issue in distributed web system in order to reduce access latency and server load. A request is a hit if it is available in the cache and if not then it will fetch from the server in order to cache and serve the request. Researches have shown that generic algorithms of caching can increase hit rate up to 40−50%, but adding prefetching scheme can increase this rate to 20%. Prefetching is a technique to fetch documents before they are requested. This paper proposes a process model for prefetching named HitBand which will balance hit rate bandwidth in every scenario with the combination of “Roulette-wheel selection”. Roulette-wheel selection is a very popular selection based algorithm which selects objects according to their fitness. We have compared our HitBand with the generic algorithms of prefetching like prefetching by popularity, apl characteristic, good Fetch and lifetime. Generic algorithms did not take web object size into consideration and in limited bandwidth scenario object size has a big impact on bandwidth consumption. Though prefetching by lifetime algorithm shows little concern about bandwidth consumption by getting the object with changes happening less frequently but this compromises the hit rate. But our proposed HitBand not only considers bandwidth but also hit rate during prefetching. Performance evaluation of HitBand along with other algorithms is provided in our paper. We have tested our HitBand with the testing engine which is built using JavaScript and maintained under AngularJS framework. From the performance evaluation, our HitBand shows better results both in high and low bandwidth.
Islam Anik, Akter Arifa, Hamid Md. Abdul, "HitBand: A Prefetching Model to Increase Hit Rate and Reduce Bandwidth Consumption", International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business(IJIEEB), Vol.9, No.1, pp.36-46, 2017. DOI:10.5815/ijieeb.2017.01.05
[1]W. Help, FAQ, What is the difference between the web and the internet?, W3C. 2009. (2015).
[2]S. Sulaiman, Siti, A. Abraham, S. Sulaiman, Web caching and prefetching: What, why, and how?, IEEE (2008) 1–8 doi:10.1109/ITSIM.2008.4631949.
[3]J. Wang, A survey of web caching schemes for the internet, ACM Computer Communication Review 25(9) (1999) 36–46. doi:10.1145/505696.505701.
[4]Cisco, Cisco visual networking index: Forecast and methodology (2013) 2012–2017.
[5]L. Atzori, A. Iera, G. Morabito, The internet of things: A survey, Computer Networks 54(15) (2010) 2787–2805. doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2010.05.010.
[6]A. Al-Fuqaha, Internet of things: A survey on enabling technologies, protocols, and applications, IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials (Volume: 17, Issue: 4) (2015) 2347–2376 doi:10.1109/COMST.2015.2444095.
[7]Z. M, S. H, N. M., Understanding and reducing web delays, IEEE Computer Magazine 34(12) (2001) 30–37.
[8]A. C, W. J. L, Y. P. S., Caching on the world wide web, IEEE Trans. Knowledge and Data Engineering 11(1) (1999) 94–107.
[9]B. D. Davison, A web caching primer, IEEE Internet Computing 5 (2001) 38–45. doi:10.1109/4236.939449.
[10]F. A, C. R, D. F, G. G, R. M., Performance of web proxy caching in heterogeneous bandwidth environments, In Proc. the IEEE Infocom’99 Conference (1999) 107–116 doi:10.1109/INFCOM.1999.749258.
[11]W. Ali, S. M. Shamsuddin, A. S. Ismail, A survey of web caching and prefetching, Int. J. Advance. Soft Comput. Appl. 3(1) (2011) 18–44.
[12]H. Chen, Pre-fetching and re-fetching in web caching systems: Algorithms and simulation, Master Thesis, TRENT UNIVESITY, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada (2008).
[13]T. Chen, Obtaining the optimal cache document replacement policy for the caching system of an ec website, European Journal of Operational Research. 181(2) (2007) 828. doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2006.05.034.
[14]Y. Ma, X. Liu, S. Zhang, R. Xiang, Y. Liu, T. Xie, Measurement and analysis of mobile web cache performance, WWW ’15 Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on World Wide Web (2015) 691–701 doi:10.1145/2736277.2741114.
[15]G. G. Vijayan, J. J. S., A survey on web pre-fetching and web caching techniques in a mobile environment, The First International Conference on Information Technology Convergence and Services (2012) 119–136 doi:10.5121/csit.2012.2111.
[16]T. M. Kroeger, D. D. E. Long, J. C. Mogul, Exploring the bounds of web latency reduction from caching and prefetching, Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems on USENIX Symposium (1997) 2–2.
[17]M. Abrams, C. R. Standridge, G. Abdulla, S. Williams, E. A. Fox, Caching proxies: limitations and potentials, Proceedings of the 4th International WWW Conference, Boston (1995).
[18]H. Lee, B. An, , E. Kim, Adaptive prefetching scheme using web log mining in cluster-based web systems, 2009 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS) (2009) 903–910.
[19]A. Abhari, S. P. Dandamudi, S. Majumdar, Web object-based storage management in proxy caches, Future Generation Computer Systems Journal 22(1-2) (2006) 16–31. doi:10.1016/j.future.2005.08.003.
[20]L. Jianhui, X. Tianshu, Y. Chao, Research on web cache prediction recommend mechanism based on usage pattern, First International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining(WKDD) (2008) 473–476 doi:10.1109/WKDD.2008.9.
[21]D. Kumar, R. Patel, An efficient approach for optimal prefetching to reduce web access latency, International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research (2014) 3(7).
[22]V. Sathiyamoorthi, V. M. Bhaskaran, Optimizing the web cache performance by clustering based pre-fetching technique using modified art, International Journal of Computer Applications 44(1) (2012) 7–9. doi:10.5120/6225-8190.
[23]G. Pallis, A. Vakali, J.Pokorny, A clustering-based prefetching scheme on a web cache environment, Computers and Electrical Engineering 34(4) (2008) 309–323. doi:10.1016/j.compeleceng.2007.04.002.
[24]W. Feng, S. Man, G. Hu, Markov tree prediction on web cache prefetching, Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence(SCI), SpringerVerlag Berlin Heidelberg, 209 (2009) 105–120 doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01203-7\s\do5(9).
[25]S. Gawade, H. Gupta, Review of algorithms for web pre-fetching and caching, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering Vol. 1, Issue 2, April 2012.
[26]R. Kaur, V. Kiran, Various techniques of web pre-fetching, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Volume 4, Issue 11, November 2014.
[27]H. J., Adaptation in natural and artificial systems, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor (1975) doi:10.1137/1018105.
[28]Wikipedia, Fitness proportionate selection, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitnesṡproportionatėselection.
[29]E. Markatos, C. Chironaki, A top 10 approach for prefetching the web, Proc. INET98: Internet Global Summit (1998).
[30]A. Venkataramani, P. Yalagandula, R. Kokku, S. Sharif, M. Dahlin, The potential costs and benefits of longterm prefetching, Computer Communications 25(4) (2002) 367–375. doi:10.1016/S0140-3664(01)00408-X.
[31]Y. Jiang, M. Wu, W. Shu, Web prefetching: Cost, benefits and performance, 11th World Wide Web Conference (WWW) (2002).
[32]L. Breslau, P. Cao, L. Fan, G. Philips, S. Shenker, Web caching and zipf-like distributions: Evidence and implications, Proc. IEEE Infocom 1 (1999) 126–134. doi:10.1109/INFCOM.1999.749260.
[33]C. Cunha, A. Bestavros, M. Crovella, Characteristics of www client-based traces, Technical Report TR-95-010, Boston University, CS Dept., Boston (1995).
[34]N. Nishikawa, T. Hosokawa, Y. Mori, K. Yoshidab, H. Tsujia, Memory based architecture with distributed www caching proxy, Computer Networks 30 (1–7) (1998) 205–214. doi:10.1016/S0169-7552(98)00117-2.
[35]M. Crovella, A. Bestavros, Self-similarity in World Wide Web traffic: Evidence and possible causes, IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking 5(6) (1997) 835–746. doi:10.1109/90.650143.
[36]M. Crovella, P. Barford, The network effects of prefetching, Proc. IEEE Infocom (1998) 1232–1239 doi:10.1109/INFCOM.1998.662937.
[37]Nashaat el-Khameesy, Hossam Abdel Rahman Mohamed, A Proposed Model for Web Proxy Caching Techniques to Improve Computer Networks Performance, I.J. Information Technology and Computer Science 5(11) (2013) 42-53. doi: 10.5815/ijitcs.2013.11.05.