In this paper, we present the design and development of a collaborative knowledge-sharing platform with Blockchain based smart contracts (CodeBlockS) to help increase the trust and efficiency of how developers find the solution to their problems or try to learn new things. The popularity of Question-and-Answer websites such as StackOverflow, Ask, and Yahoo, as well as online course websites like as Udemy, is gradually expanding. Given this increased popularity, the quality and efficiency of user interaction must be improved such that users can try to connect with each other, ask questions about technical problems they are experiencing, or if they want to learn a topic in exchange for a fee and potentially collaborate on a project, or simply share their thoughts on a topic and improve their knowledge and network at the same time. Because these contracts will contain money, CodeBlockS has employed Ethereum Blockchain-based smart contracts to manage the data and money, as blockchain-based smart contracts are immutable and handle payments very securely. In general, social networking websites there are very few people sharing valuable knowledge and many people sharing worthless, time-consuming content that creates distraction. With the CodeBlockS system, developers find the solution to their problems or try to learn new things, and users can share their thoughts and learning on the platform. The platform also provides inbuilt smart contracts functionality using which two users can create a contract where one user will teach or solve doubt of the other user and receive fees towards service rendered.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals recognises the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in accelerating human development and progress by bridging the digital divide and developing knowledge societies. Internet technologies affect every sphere of human and organisational life. The study was motivated by low e-health adoption in developing countries such as Zimbabwe. A cross-sectional quantitative survey investigated e-health implementation by private dental care service providers in Bulawayo. The research population comprised private dental service providers in Bulawayo. Data was collected using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire that was self-administered. Regression and factor analysis, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy, Bartlett’s sphericity test, and the Principal Component Analysis were used for data analysis. The study found that private dental service providers in Bulawayo were already implementing some rudimentary elements of e-health in their day-to-day practice. The findings also revealed that private dental care providers positively perceived the benefits of implementing e-health, such as improved quality of health service delivery, enhanced efficiency, and improved accessibility of services. Participants highlighted ICT costs, communication, lack of experience, and e-readiness as significant barriers to e-health implementation. Most participants were concerned that personal health information may fall into the wrong hands resulting in privacy violations and loss of personal data. The regression coefficient showed that combined variations in the independent variables explain at least 76.4% of the dependent variable (adoption). The study recommends the government enact policies that support private dental service providers in implementing e-health systems to improve service delivery. The study contributes to the literature on e-health adoption in developing countries.

In recent times, various forms of crime have been happening worldwide. The law-and-order department of any country officially records a crime in electronic forms or on paper when the crime is reported by a victim or someone on behalf of the victim. The document that is prepared to file any perceptible committed crimes including dowry, kidnap, murder, rape, theft, and others is called First Information Report(FIR). Nowadays, online FIR also known as e-FIR has been used worldwide. Every day a number of e-FIR are filed, and they are maintained in a centralized database with the aid of third-party trust. Consequently, malicious entities including insiders and outsiders’ dishonest personnel, and third-party authorities may tamper with e-FIR that questions the transparency and integrity of FIR reports. To address this exposure, in this paper, we propose a blockchain based FIR system to store all kinds of offense-related records to assure security, fidelity and privacy of FIR records. In this proposed system, the blockchain technology that refers to a decentralized and distributed ledger across peer-to-peer networks continually updates the shared ledger and strictly maintains synchronization among all network nodes. Though blockchain technology guarantees tamper-proof of the data, it cannot store a large amount of data due to the replication of ledger among all network nodes. To solve this issue, we adopt the Inter-Planetary File system (IPFS) protocol to store data in the blockchain. IPFS is a distributed file-sharing system that can be leveraged to store and share large files. The blockchain based FIR system has been tested on an Ethereum environment using blockchain and IPFS technology.

In various circumstances, the same word can mean differently based on the usage of the word in a particular sentence. The aim of word sense disambiguation (WSD) is to precisely understand the meaning of a word in particular usage. WSD utilized in several applications of natural language to interpret an ambiguous word contextually. This paper enhances a statistical algorithm proposed by Abdo [36] that performs a task of WSD for Afaan Oromoo (one of under-resourced language spoken in East Africa by nearly 50% of Ethiopians). The paper evaluates appropriate methods that used to increase the performance of disambiguation for the language with and without morphology consideration. The algorithm evaluated by 249 sentences with four evaluation metrics: recall, precision, F1 and accuracy. The evaluation result has achieved state of the art for Afaan Oromoo. Finally, future direction is highlighted for further research of the task on the language.

Until today, Information Technology (IT) has been felt by aviation industry showed by positive growth of operating revenue before Covid-19 pandemic. The pandemic of Covid-19 changes the world especially the aviation industry by slowing down the business transaction. This study presents statistical model on recent e-commerce revenue of aviation, the number of passengers and the IT investments then predicts future of e-commerce revenue, the number of passengers and the IT spending using Neural Networks. This method is useful to predict the future because it follows the time being. The chosen variables are intended whether IT has an impact during the pandemic for passenger generation year by year. The results show that for the next few years, the revenue, the number of passengers and the IT spending are significantly increasing, while there are problems faced in aviation industry because of Covid-19. This model also can be applied for other industry.