IJISA Vol. 10, No. 3, 8 Mar. 2018
Cover page and Table of Contents: PDF (size: 531KB)
Full Text (PDF, 531KB), PP.67-81
Views: 0 Downloads: 0
Microgrids, power quality, harmonic distortion, droop control, renewable energy
Due to the global demand for energy saving and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, utilization of renewable energy sources have increased in electricity networks. The negative aspects of this technology are very complex and not well known which affect reliability and robustness of the grids. Microgrids based on renewable energy sources have gained significant popularity, due to the major benefits it has to offer for solving the increasing energy demand. Harmonic distortion in microgrids caused by the non-linear loads is an essential topic of study necessary for the better understanding of power quality impacts in microgrids. The various control techniques utilized to curtail the power quality impacts on micro grids are reviewed in this paper. Also, Optimization based control techniques utilized for power quality improvement in microgrids is discussed in this review.
W. J. Praiselin, J. Belwin Edward, "A Review on Impacts of Power Quality, Control and Optimization Strategies of Integration of Renewable Energy Based Microgrid Operation", International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications(IJISA), Vol.10, No.3, pp.67-81, 2018. DOI:10.5815/ijisa.2018.03.08
[1]Mohod, S.W., and Aware,M.V., “A STATCOM-control scheme for grid connected wind energy system for power quality improvement”, IEEE systems journal.,vol. 4(3): pp.346-352, 2010.
[2]Dash, P.K., Padhee, M., Barik, S.K., “Estimation of power quality indices in distributed generation systems during power islanding conditions”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol.36(1): pp.18-30. 2012.
[3]Khokhar, Suhail., Abdullah Asuhaimi, B., Mohd Zin., Ahmad Safawi B. Mokhtar., and Mahmoud Pesaran., "A comprehensive overview on signal processing and artificial intelligence techniques applications in classification of power quality disturbances", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 51 : pp.1650-1663, 2015.
[4]Zeng, Z., Yang, H., Tang, S., and Zhao, R., “Objective-oriented power quality compensation of multifunctional grid-tied inverters and its application in microgrids”, IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, vol. 30(3): pp. 1255–1265, 2015.
[5]Phipps., James K., John P. Nelson., and Pankaj K. Sen., "Power quality and harmonic distortion on distribution systems", IEEE transactions on industry applications, vol. 30(2) : pp. 476-484, 1994.
[6]Li Y., Vilathgamuwa, D.M., Loh, P.C., “Microgrid power quality enhancement using a three-phase four-wire grid-interfacing compensator”, IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications, vol. 41(6): pp. 1707–1719, 2005.
[7]Majumder, R., “Reactive power compensation in single-phase operation of microgrid”, IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60(4): pp. 1403–1416, 2013.
[8]Parhizi, Sina., Hossein Lotfi., Amin Khodaei., and Shay Bahramira.,. "State of the art in research on microgrids: A review", IEEE Access, 3: pp. 890-925, 2015.
[9]Milczarek, A., Malinowski, M., Guerrero, J. M., “Reactive power management in islanded microgrid - proportional power sharing in hierarchical droop control”, IEEE Transaction on Smart Grid, vol. 6(4): pp. 1631–1638, 2015.
[10]Vandoorn., Tine L., Jeroen De Kooning., Bart Meersman., and Lieven Vandevelde., "Voltage-based droop control of renewables to avoid on–off oscillations caused by overvoltages." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 28(2): pp. 845-854, 2013.
[11]Khadem, S.K., Basu, M., and Conlon, M.F., “Power quality in grid connected renewable energy systems : role of custom power devices”, In: Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality (ICREPQ’10), Spain, 23-25 March 2010.
[12]Mahela, O.P., Shaik, A.G., Gupta, N.A., “ Critical review of detection and classification of power quality events”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 41: pp. 495 -505, 2015.
[13]Pathak, A.K., Sharma, M.P., Bundele, M., “A critical review of voltage and reactive power management of wind farms”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 51: pp. 460 -471, 2015.
[14]Bollen, M.H.J., “What is power quality?”, Electric power systems research, vol. 66: pp. 5 -14, 2003.
[15]Yan., Xiangwu., Giri Venkataramanan., Patrick S. Flannery., Yang Wang., Qing Dong., and Bo Zhang., "Voltage-sag tolerance of DFIG wind turbine with a series grid side passive-impedance network", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 25(4): pp. 1048- 1056, 2010.
[16]Power Standards lab, Voltage Sags (Dip) and Swells, 2012.
[17]Yilmaz, I., Ermiş, M., and Çadirci, I., “Medium - frequency induction melting furnace as a load on the power system”, IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications, vol. 48(4): pp. 1203–1214, 2012.
[18]Juan, C., Cebrian., and Nelson Kagan., “Hybrid method to assess sensitive process interruption costs due to faults in electric power distribution networks”, IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, vol. 25(3): vol. 1686 – 1696, 2010.
[19]Antonio Moreno – Munoz., “Power Quality: Mitigation Technologies in a Distributed Environment”, Springer Science & Business Media, 1994.
[20]Arindam Ghosh., and Gerard Ledwich., “Power quality enhancement using custom power devices”, Springer science & business media, pp. 27-54, 2012.
[21]Wilson Kazibwe, E., and Musoke Sendaula, H., “Electrical power quality control techniques, Springer science & business media, pp. 1-223, 1993.
[22]Singh, B., Al-Haddad, K., and Chandra A., “A review of active filters for power quality improvement”, IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46(5): pp. 960–971, 1999.
[23]Merino., Julia., Patricio Mendoza-Araya., Giri Venkataramanan., and Mustafa Baysal., "Islanding detection in microgrids using harmonic signatures." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery vol. 30(5): pp. 2102-2109, 2015.
[24]Li, Canbing., Chi Cao., Yijia Cao., Yonghong Kuang., Long Zeng., and Baling Fang., "A review of islanding detection methods for microgrid", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 35: pp. 211-220, 2014.
[25]Sung-Il Jang., Kwang-Ho Kim., “An Islanding detection method for distributed generations using voltage unbalance and total harmonic distortion of current”, IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,vol. 19(2): pp. 745 -752, 2004.
[26]Wang, Y.F., and Li, Y.W., “A grid fundamental and harmonic component detection method for single-phase systems”, IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, vol. 28(5): pp. 2204–2213, 2013.
[27]Jowder, F.A.L., “Design and analysis of dynamic voltage restorer for deep voltage sag and harmonic compensation”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 3(6): pp. 547- 560, 2009.
[28]Moschitta, A., Carbone, P., and Muscas, C., “Generalized likelihood ratio test for voltage dip detection”, IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 60(5): pp.1644–1653, 2011.
[29]Cong, M., Feng, G., Guoqing, H., and Guanghui Li ., “A voltage detection method for the voltage ride- operation of renewable energy generation systems under grid voltage distortion conditions”, IEEE Transaction on Sustainable Energy, vol. 6(3): pp. 1131-1139, 2015.
[30]Perez, E., and Barros, J., “Voltage event detection and characterization methods: A comparative study”, IEEE / PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exposition, Latin America, 15- 18 : pp.1-6, 2006.
[31]WeiHui Zou., and ShiPing Su., “Voltage flicker detection based on wavelet fourier transform”, In: Proceedings of Electrical and Control Engineering (ICECE), Yichang, 16-18: pp.4218- 4220, 2011.
[32]Abdulaziz Alkuhayli., Ali Safayet., and Iqbal Husain., “Single-phase distributed generation synchronization with a distorted or weak grid”, In: Proceedings of IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition ECCE, Montreal, 20-24: pp. 1143 – 1148, 2015.
[33]Sumathi, P., and Janakiraman, P.A., “Integrated phase-locking scheme for SDFT-based harmonic analysis of periodic signals”, IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 16: vol. 55(1): pp. 51–55, 2008.
[34]Qing-Chang Zhong., and Tomas Hornik., “Cascaded current–voltage control to improve the power quality for a grid-connected inverter with a local load”, IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics, vol.60(4) : pp.1344 -1355, 2013.
[35]Herran, Mario A., Jonatan Roberto Fischer., Sergio Alejandro Gonzalez., Marcos Gabriel Judewicz., Ignacio Carugati., and Daniel O. Carrica., "Repetitive control with adaptive sampling frequency for wind power generation systems”, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol.2(1): pp. 58-69, 2014.
[36]Xu, Ming Xia., Dehong Xu., Ping Lin., Min Chen., Jianxun Ni., and Tao Zhang.,"Understanding repetitive control and resonant control", In Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG), 2012 3rd IEEE International Symposium on, pp. 621-627, 2012.
[37]Qing-Chang Zhong., “Harmonic droop controller to reduce the voltage harmonics of inverters”, IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60(3): pp. 936 -945, 2013.
[38]Jinwei He., Yun Wei Li., and Frede Blaabjerg., “An enhanced islanding microgrid reactive power, imbalance power, and harmonic power sharing scheme”, IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, vol. 30(6): pp. 3389 – 3401, 2015.
[39]Savaghebi, Mehdi., Qobad Shafiee., Juan C. Vasquez., and Josep M. Guerrero.,"Adaptive virtual impedance scheme for selective compensation of voltage unbalance and harmonics in microgrids", In Power & Energy Society General Meeting, 2015 IEEE, pp. 1-5, 2015.
[40]Savaghebi, Mehdi., Juan C. Vasquez., Alireza Jalilian., Josep M. Guerrero., and Tzung- Lin Lee., "Selective harmonic virtual impedance for voltage source inverters with LCL filter in microgrids", In Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2012 IEEE, pp. 1960-1965, 2012.
[41]Ortega., Rubén, E., Figueres, G., Garcerá, C. L. Trujillo., and D. Velasco., "Control techniques for reduction of the total harmonic distortion in voltage applied to a single- phase inverter with nonlinear loads: Review", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,16(3): pp. 1754-1761, 2012.
[42]Maknouninejad, A., and Qu, Z., “Realizing unified microgrid voltage profile and loss minimization: cooperative distributed optimization and control approach”, IEEE Transaction on Smart Grid, vol. 5(4): pp. 1621–1630, 2014.
[43]Savaghebi, Mehdi., Alireza Jalilian., Juan C. Vasquez., and Josep M. Guerrero.,"Secondary control for voltage quality enhancement in microgrids", IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 3(4) :pp. 1893-1902, 2012.
[44]Chen., Xia., Yunhe Hou., Siew-Chong Tan., Chi-Kwan Lee., and Shu Yuen Ron Hui., "Mitigating voltage and frequency fluctuation in microgrids using electric springs", IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 6(2): pp. 508-515, 2015.
[45]Dayi Li., Zhu, Z.Q., “A Novel integrated power quality controller for microgrid”, IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics, vol. 62(5): pp. 2848 – 2858, 2015.
[46]Jinwei He., Yun Wei Li., and Frede Blaabjerg., “An accurate autonomous islanding microgrid reactive power, imbalance power and harmonic power sharing scheme”, In: Proceedings of IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, Denver, pp.1337-1343, 2013.
[47]He., Jinwei., Yun Wei Li., Ruiqi Wang., and Chenghui Zhang., "Analysis and mitigation of resonance propagation in grid-connected and islanding microgrids", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 30(1): pp. 70-81, 2015.
[48]Quoc- Nam Trinh., and Hong- Hee Lee., “Improvement of unified power quality conditioner performance with enhanced resonant control strategy”, IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution, vol. 8(12): pp. 2114 – 2123, 2014.
[49]Jiefeng Hu., Jianguo Zhu., and David G Dorrell., “Virtual flux droop method—a new control strategy of inverters in microgrids”, IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, vol. 29(14): pp. 4704 – 4711, 2014.
[50]Ali Bidram., and Ali Davoudi., “Hierarchical structure of microgrids control system”, IEEE Transaction on Smart Grid, vol. 3(4): pp. 1963 – 1976, 2012.
[51]Narkhede, Mahesh S., S. Chatterji., and Smarajit Ghosh., "Trends and challenges in optimization techniques for operation and control of Microgrid-A review", In Power and Energy in NERIST (ICPEN), 2012 1st International Conference on, pp. 1-7, 2012.
[52]Tang., Fen., Josep M. Guerrero., Juan C. Vasquez., Dan Wu., and Lexuan Meng., "Distributed active synchronization strategy for microgrid seamless reconnection to the grid under unbalance and harmonic distortion", IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 6(6): pp. 2757-2769, 2015.
[53]Alessandra Parisio., Evangelos Rikos., and Luigi Glielmo., “A model predictive control approach to microgrid operation optimization”, IEEE Transaction on Control Systems Technology, 22(5): 1813 – 1827, (2014).
[54]Ouammi., Ahmed., Hanane Dagdougui., Louis Dessaint., and Roberto Sacile., "Coordinated model predictive-based power flows control in a cooperative network of smart microgrids”, IEEE Transactions on Smart grid, vol. 6(5) : pp. 2233-2244, 2015.
[55]Saeed Jazebi., Moosa Moghimi Hadji., and Ramezan Ali Naghizadeh., “Distribution network reconfiguration in the presence of harmonic loads: optimization techniques and analysis”, IEEE Transaction on Smart Grid, vol. 5(4): pp. 1929 – 1937, 2014.
[56]Zhu., Yixin., Fang Zhuo., Feng Wang., Baoquan Liu., Ruifeng Gou., and Yangjie Zhao.,"A virtual impedance optimization method for reactive power sharing in networked microgrid", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31(4): pp. 2890-2904, 2016.
[57]Amalorpavaraj, Rini Ann Jerin., Palanisamy, K., Umashankar, S., and Thirumoorthy, A. D., "Power Quality Improvement of Grid Connected Wind Farms through Voltage Restoration Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer", International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 6(1): pp. 53-60, 2016.
[58]Prabaharan, N., and Palanisamy, K., “Investigation of single phase reduced switch count asymmetric multilevel inverter using advanced pulse width modulation technique”,International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 5(3): pp. 879-890, 2015.
[59]Lasseter, R.H., “MicroGrids”, In: Proceedings of IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, USA, 27-31 , pp. 305-308, 2002.
[60]Soma Biswas., Swapan Kumar Goswami., and Amitava Chatterjee., “Optimal distributed generation placement in shunt capacitor compensated distribution systems considering voltage sag and harmonics distortions”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 8(5): pp. 783-797, 2014.
[61]Ghorbanian, M. J., Goodarzvand, F., Pourdaryaei, A., and WN L. Mahadi., "Mitigating voltage sag by implementing STATCOM on DFIG-based wind farms connected to a power system" In Engineering Technology and Technopreneuship (ICE2T), 2014 4th International Conference on, pp. 131-136, 2014.
[62]Andres E. Leon., and Jorge, A. Solsona., “Performance improvement of full-converter wind turbines under distorted conditions”, IEEE Transaction on Sustainable Energy, vol. 4(3): pp. 652-660, 2013.
[63]Antonio Cataliotti., Valentina Cosentino., and Salvatore Nuccio., “A phase-locked loop for the synchronization of power quality instruments in the presence of stationary and transient disturbances”, IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurements, vol. 56(6): pp. 2232-2239, 2007.
[64]IEEE Std 1547-2003, IEEE standard for interconnecting distributed resources with electric power systems- Amendment 1, The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2014.
[65]Dugan, Roger C., Mark F. McGranaghan., and Wayne Beaty, H., "Electrical power systems quality." New York, NY: McGraw-Hill,| c1996 1996.
[66]Natesan., Chitra., Senthil Kumar Ajithan., Priyadharshini Palani., and Prabaakaran Kandhasamy., "Survey on microgrid: power quality improvement techniques”, ISRN Renewable Energy 2014 2014.
[67]Chung, Il-Yop., Wenxin Liu., David A. Cartes., Emmanuel G. Collins., and Seung-Il Moon., "Control methods of inverter-interfaced distributed generators in a microgrid system”, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 46(3) : pp. 1078-1088, 2010.
[68]Yu., Kai., Qian Ai., Shiyi Wang., Jianmo Ni., and Tianguang Lv., "Analysis and optimization of droop controller for microgrid system based on small-signal dynamic model”, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 7(2) : pp. 695-705, 2016.
[69]Meng., Lexuan., Tomislav Dragicevic., Javier Roldán-Pérez., Juan C. Vasquez., and Josep M. Guerrero., "Modeling and sensitivity study of consensus algorithm-based distributed hierarchical control for dc microgrids”, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 7(3) : pp. 1504-1515, 2016.
[70]Chen., Wu., Alex Q. Huang., Chushan Li., Gangyao Wang., and Wei Gu., "Analysis and comparison of medium voltage high power DC/DC converters for offshore wind energy systems", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol.28(4): pp.2014-2023, 2013.
[71]Hossain., Eklas., Ersan Kabalci., Ramazan Bayindir., and Ronald Perez., "Microgrid testbeds around the world: State of art", Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 86: pp. 132- 153, 2014.
[72]Golsorkhi., Mohammad S., and Dylan Dah-Chuan Lu., "A Decentralized Control Method for Islanded Microgrids Under Unbalanced Conditions”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 31(3): pp. 1112-1121, 2016.
[73]Mariam., Lubna., Malabika Basu., and Michael F. Conlon., "Microgrid: Architecture, policy and future trends", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 64 : pp. 477-489, 2016.
[74]Al-Saedi., Waleed., Stefan W. Lachowicz., Daryoush Habibi., and Octavian Bass. "Power flow control in grid-connected microgrid operation using Particle Swarm Optimization under variable load conditions", International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 49: pp. 76-85, 2013.
[75]Al-Saedi., Waleed., Stefan W. Lachowicz., Daryoush Habibi., and Octavian Bass., "Voltage and frequency regulation based DG unit in an autonomous microgrid operation using Particle Swarm Optimization", International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 53: pp. 742-751, 2013.
[76]Ray, R.N., Chatterjee, D., and Goswami, S.K., “Reduction of voltage harmonics using optimisation – based combined approach”, IET Power Electronics, vol. 3(3): pp. 334-344, 2010.
[77]Hassan, M., and Abido, M., “Optimal power sharing of an inverter – based autonomous microgrid”, In: Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality (ICREPQ’13), Spain, 20-22, 2013.
[78]Abdelaziz., Morad Mohamed Abdelmageed., Hany E. Farag., and Ehab F. El-Saadany., "Optimum reconfiguration of droop-controlled islanded microgrids", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 31(3): pp. 2144-2153, 2016.
[79]Abedini., Mohammad., Mohammad H. Moradi., Hosseinian, S.M., Optimal clustering of MGs based on droop controller for improving reliability using a hybrid of harmony search and genetic algorithms”, ISA transactions, vol. 61: pp.119-128, 2016.
[80]Chitra, N., Prabaakaran, K., Senthil Kumar, A., and Josiah Munda., "Ant colony optimization adopting control strategies for power quality enhancement in autonomous microgrid.", International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 63(13), 2013.
[81]Asrari, A., Lotfifard, S., Payam, M.S., “Pareto dominance-based multiobjective optimization method for distribution network reconfiguration”, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 7(3): pp. 1401-1410, 2016.
[82]Sontakke, S., Thorat, A., “Novel method for estimation of PQ indices in microgrids”, In: Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability ICEETS’13. Nagercoil, April 2013, pp.1159-1163, 2013.
[83]Fathima. A. H., Palanisamy, K., “Optimization in microgrids with hybrid energy systems–A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 31(45): pp. 431-446, 2015.
[84]Poonam Singhal., and Agarwal, Narendra Kumar S. K., “Advanced Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization based SVC Controller for Power System Stability”, I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, vol. 7(1):pp.101-110, 2015.
[85]Nader M.A. Ibrahim., Hossam E. M. Attia., Hossam E.A. Talaat., and Ali H. Kasem Alaboudy., “Modified Particle Swarm Optimization Based Proportional-Derivative Power System Stabilizer”, I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, vol. 7(3): pp.62-76, 2015.
[86]Indragandhi. V., Subramaniyaswamy V., and Logesh R., “Resources, configurations, and soft computing techniques for power management and control of PV/wind hybrid system”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 69: pp.129-143, 2017.
[87]Usman Bashir Tayaba., Mohd Azrik Bin Roslana., Leong Jenn Hwaia., and Muhammad Kashif., “A review of droop control techniques for microgrid”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.76: pp.717-727, 2017.