Hospitals are the primary hubs for healthcare service providers in Ethiopia; however, hospitals face significant challenges in adopting digital health information systems solutions due to disparate, non-interoperable systems and limited access. Information technology, especially via cloud computing, is crucial in healthcare for efficient data management, secure storage, real-time access to critical information, seamless provider communication, enhanced collaboration, and scalable IT infrastructure. This study investigated the challenges to standardizing smart and green healthcare information services and proposed a cloud-based model for overcoming them. We conducted a mixed-methods study in 11 public hospitals, employing quantitative and qualitative approaches with diverse stakeholders (N = 103). The data was collected through surveys, interviews, and technical observations by purposive quota sampling with the Raosoft platform and analyzed using IBM SPSS. Findings revealed several shortcomings in existing information systems, including limited storage, scalability, and security; impaired data sharing and collaboration; accessibility issues; no interoperability; ownership ambiguity; unreliable data recovery; environmental concerns; affordability challenges; and inadequate policy enforcement. Notably, hospitals lacked a centralized data management system, cloud-enabled systems for remote access, and modern data recovery strategies. Despite these challenges, 90.3% of respondents expressed interest in adopting cloud-enabled data recovery systems. However, infrastructure limitations, inadequate cloud computing/IT knowledge, lack of top management support, digital illiteracy, limited innovation, and data security concerns were identified as challenges to cloud adoption. The study further identified three existing healthcare information systems: paper-based methods, electronic medical catalog systems, and district health information systems2. Limitations of the paper-based method include error-proneness, significant cost, data fragmentation, and restricted remote access. Growing hospital congestion and carbon footprint highlighted the need for sustainable solutions.  Based on these findings, we proposed a cloud-based model tailored to the Ethiopian context. This six-layered model, delivered as a Software-as-a-Service within a community cloud deployment, aims to improve healthcare services through instant access, unified data management, and evidence-based medical practices. The model demonstrates high acceptability and potential for improving healthcare delivery, and implementation recommendations are suggested based on the proposed model.

Information Technologies have been changing with high speed and existing educational and training frameworks are required to be reviewed, restructured, and redesigned in aligning with the evolving technologies and advanced features. This can strengthen their survival in the highly competitive professional environment. Many of the institutions across the world have been consistently trying to upgrade and transform their educational systems to reduce the cost of learning, enhance the convenience and comfort in normal or adverse situations like pandemics or turbulences. The Ethiopian education system is one of them which has been consistently facing certain critical challenges to afford the education extensions & teaching facilities for citizens. These issues and challenges become critical to those who are working professionals, disabled, and females with pregnancy or the learners who can’t join the classes on regular basis with traditional teaching-learning processes like regular, summer, extension and distance education etc. In recent years a limited number of institutions in Ethiopia tried to encounter accessibility barriers by adopting advanced learning & teaching systems but acceptable level of such systems is still not satisfactory, promising, and popular. However, it has been observed that there is a strong and urgent need to have a better and alternative educational platform with extensive accessibility. Such systems become vital when pandemics or other issues lockdown the traditional education and communication systems. The strategic shift from traditional classroom to e-learning and e-learning to cloud-based learning can be a promising transformation and significant improvement towards next generation teaching-learning environment. To achieve this, a Unified Cloud based E-Learning Framework (UCELF) is proposed and functionally tested using Cloud based Opens Source applications. This study is an attempt to apply an exploratory applied research design using mixed research approach for assessment of the challenges and finally proposing a new cloud-based solution framework for women, disabled, working professionals, and the people challenged by accidental injuries.

Intranets & Intranet-wares have become a central junction/platform for implementing the organization’s specific work culture like computing, communication and collaboration. In order to ensure smooth and effective communication, computing and collaboration among employees, intranets play an important role. For vertical and horizontal management, we use intranet-wares for directing, reporting, collaborating, socializing, communicating and meeting or discussing the professional and social issues. Today, cloud-based computing, communication, and collaboration have created new frontiers and emerging paradigms towards re-engineering of work cultures in the organizations. In order to enhance the performance with extended features, next-generation computing, communication, and collaboration the intranet needs redesign and migration strategy over alternative technology platforms. This research paper tries to answer the research questions that how an alternative technology strategy or pathway can be explored for enhancing the performance and extending the features of the exiting designs of educational Intranets. Further; how an on-premise intranet can be migrated over cloud platforms with enhanced performance and extended/add-on features. After analysis of collected facts, understanding the issues, challenges and limitations of the existing state of art intranets, a strong need for performance enhancement and add on features was observed for Intranets. The study deeply investigated and analyzed the issues, challenges and limitations i.e. features and performances of the current state of the art of the intranets in general and on-premise Intranet of AMU in specific. Finally, an Intranet Migration Strategy Model over Hybrid Cloud was designed and developed using SaaS (i.e. AMU CloudNet). In this study, the Interact Intranet was used for designing and demonstrating the functional prototype of intranet show that how computing, communication and collaboration services can be enhanced with anytime, anywhere and boundary-less access.