Key Process Areas (KPAs) for ‎Software Engineering Institute (SEI) Maturity ‎Level 4 can be described in terms of Quantitative ‎Process Management (QPM) which is the metric ‎to control the quantitative performance of a ‎software project. On the other hand, Software ‎Quality Management (SQM) monitors and ‎controls the quality of the project. The survey ‎conducted in this paper covers around 20 ‎software houses of Pakistan. The study revealed ‎that there is weakness in both KPAs, SQM and ‎QPM. Each KPA defines a set of rules that are necessary to be followed to meet the standard but many organizations fail to follow these rules defined in every KPA. If specified and ‎appropriate measures are taken, the software ‎industry will lift it up to the higher CMMI Level.‎

As the massive data is increasing exponentially on web and information retrieval systems and the data retrieval has now become challenging. Stemming is used to produce meaningful terms by stemming characters which finally result in accurate and most relevant results. The core purpose of stemming algorithm is to get useful terms and to reduce grammatical forms in morphological structure of some language. This paper describes the different types of stemming algorithms which work differently in different types of corpus and explains the comparative study of stemming algorithms on the basis of stem production, efficiency and effectiveness in information retrieval systems.