Secondary surveillance radar (SSR) performs one of the main functions of information service for consumers of the airspace control system. To improve the quality the SSR information is processed using modern information technology. The use of a consistent procedure for processing surveillance system data, due to the functionally completed stages of processing, made it possible to formalize the data processing procedure. However, this significantly limited, and in some cases excluded, the opportunities for inter-stage optimization of data processing. The SSR data processing structure synthesis and analysis are considered in this paper making it possible to perform a joint optimization of signal processing and primary processing of data, as well as to improve the quality of data processing.