In Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET), portable devices like smartphones, or laptop PC can join together to make provisional networks without any infrastructure The objective of multicast or unicast protocols is to ensure an efficient route formation and flow control mechanism which is a very challenging issue for many group computing services in MANETs. MANETs can support several real-time applications like emergency rescue, and disaster relief operations which require minimum Quality of Service (QoS) to handle high traffic. Providing QoS for multimedia and group-oriented computing in MANETs becomes a real challenge due to the wireless medium and the mobility of operating nodes. Therefore, an investigation of routing protocols for one-to-many or many-to-many computing is important that supports acceptable QoS in MANETs. Numerous QoS metrics have been considered for the assessment like packet delivery ratio, latency, packet loss rate, control overhead, and throughput. By considering different network topologies and scenarios with different performance parameters, the primary goal of this study is to explore the challenges and factors for QoS services in MANET’s multicast communication. The outcomes of investigation can be used to design the future MANET protocol for multimedia applications. The performance results indicate that the increasing number of sending/receiving nodes may increase the overhead or latency of the network but capable of providing higher network throughput, carried out in NS-2. The results also indicate although MANETs can induce errors and packets are lost as part of the normal operating context, multicast AODV practice superior to the unicast protocol to various QoS in a wide range of scenarios with less overhead.

With the advancement in digital forensics, digital forensics has been evolved in Cloud computing. A common process of digital forensics mainly includes five steps: defining problem scenario, collection of the related data, investigation of the crime scenes, analysis of evidences and case documentation. The conduction of digital forensics in cloud results in several challenges, security, and privacy issues. In this paper, several digital forensics approaches in the context of IoT and cloud have been presented. The review focused on zone-based approach for IoT digital forensics where the forensics process is divided into three zones. Digital forensics in cloud provides the facilities of large data storage, computational capabilities and identification of criminal activities required for investigating forensics. We have presented a brief study on several issues and challenges raised in each phase of Cloud forensics process. The solution approaches as well as advancement prospects of cloud forensics have been described in the light of Blockchain technology. These studies will broaden the way to new researchers for better understanding and devising new ideas for combating the challenges. 

Keyphrases are set of words that reflect the main topic of interest of a document. It plays vital roles in document summarization, text mining, and retrieval of web contents. As it is closely related to a document, it reflects the contents of the document and acts as indices for a given document. Extracting the ideal keyphrases is important to understand the main contents of the document. In this work, we present a keyphrase extraction method that efficiently finds the keywords from English documents. The methods use some important features of the document such as TF, TF*IDF, GF, GF*IDF, TF*GF*IDF for the purpose. Finally, the performance of the proposal is evaluated using well-known document corpus.