The pH value is a very common chemical measurement and is an indicator of water quality. For dilute solutions of strong acids and bases, the pH is related to their concentration, and therefore, it’s related to the required for neutralization dose of the reagent, a clear dependence. In this case, the pH value is quite reliable parameter to control the process of neutralization. However, when the wastewater components that have buffer properties, for example, mixtures of weak acids and bases and their salts in mixture with strong acids are present, the neutralization process is described already by a group of characteristics. In the last case, traditional automatic systems cannot cope with the qualitative pH regulation.
The article is devoted to the mathematical statics model of a neutralization buffer of wastewater process development. Based on the formulated assumptions, this process was divided into stages. After considering the characteristics of each stage the mathematical model of the process was obtained. The theoretical research results are specified in the developed calculation algorithm of the total reagent dose which is required to neutralize the wastewater, which have strong and weak acids in its composition. The theoretical and practical research results were approbated in the design of automatic control system of the buffer wastewater neutralization process in the enterprise of low-waste technology.

The increasing urbanization of many third-world cities has led to increased generation of solid wastes which are often ill-managed and indiscriminately dumped, posing grave challenges to local environmental engineers and designers. This has consequently reduced the sustainability of many built and natural African environments. Therefore, this study was aimed at practically applying aesthetics in solid waste management as a means of optimizing sustainability in urbanizing West African environments. Adopting a descriptive approach supported with direct observation, with a total sample size of 610, respondents were purposively sampled in selected research sites in Nigeria. Following one hypothesis testing, the study showed a significant association between improved environmental affordance (derived from aesthetics) and the alleviation of negative user responses to the environment (such as indiscriminate dumping of solid wastes). The study also showed that more aesthetically negative environments offers more negative environmental affordance than positive environmental affordance. The results confirm that the majority of users of the environments (humans) exhibit more positive environmental behaviours when positive affordance is perceived from the environment. The study therefore established the significance of the practical application of aesthetics in the management of solid wastes in urbanizing third world environments.

This paper elaborates the AMBA bus interface bridge between memory controller and other supporting peripheral. The work claims the integration with FIFO, RAM and ROM with slave interface and the master of AHB bus. The AHB master initiates the operation and generates the necessary control signal. Memory controller is implemented with finite state machine considering with all the peripheral works in synchronous mode. Despite these shortcomings of the work performed study and development that followed has led the development of a memory controller on AMBA-AHB bus at a very advanced stage and next to prototyping. VHDL code is utilized to develop the design and it is synthesized in Xilinx Virtex 6 device (XC6VCX75T). The design claims a minor area overhead with improvement in speed 185.134 MHz.

The Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers are most commonly used in industries to compensate several numbers of practical industrial processes by the virtue of their simplicity and robustness. Several tuning methods exist for parameter tuning of PID controller. In this paper PID control design for second order system has been done with various methods. The effectiveness of tuning methods has been compared based up on time response specifications.

This paper introduces a wearable eyeglass with an ultrasonic sensor to help the blind to navigate alone safely, while avoiding obstacles that may be encountered, fixed or mobile, thereby preventing any possible accident. The main component of this work is the ultrasonic sensor, which is used to measure the distance to an object using sound waves. By recording the elapsed time between the wave being generated and the wave bouncing back, it is possible to calculate the distance between the sensor and the object. A limitation of the project is that even though it can operate alone as an independent device, its full functionality to be achieved, it needs to be part of a whole system hence making it an auxiliary device. An integration of this device with a smart walking stick or an automatic wheelchair can help realize its full potential and make it the ultimate mobility aid.
This system is cheap, fast and easy to use and it is an innovation for the blind and visually impaired people to help them overcome the various problems in their daily life.