Since internet connections are provided through a variety of disparate networks, connecting these networks and supporting heterogeneous interworking is a major issue particularly in cellular networks. The interworking issue becomes even more challenging when it comes to providing QoS for real time services. To improve QoS requirements of the real time data and to increase inter cellular mobility, we propose a cost-effective framework structure consists of four separate cellular models. The framework includes a heterogeneous interwork model that integrates cellular WiMAX and UMTS. Moreover, a pure WiMAX network model along with two pure UMTS network models is set up by the framework. The performance of the heterogeneous model is evaluated via simulation and analyzed against the measured metrics of the pure models to quantify the level of improvements from QoS of the real time packets point of view. Based on the results, the recommendations are made on the most appropriate model in regard to better QoS for VoIP in cellular networks.

Information technology has pervaded virtually every facet of human life. Even in the delivery of governance, information technology has gradually found a place. One of its applications is the use of electronic voting, also known as e-voting, as opposed to the traditional manual method of voting. This form of voting, however, is not immune to challenges generally associated with voting. Two of these include guaranteeing voting access to all eligible voters, and providing necessary voting security. The challenge of accessibility is especially peculiar to developing countries where IT adoption is still relatively low. This paper proposes a framework for an e-voting system that would most benefit developing economies. It ensures availability of the system to only eligible voters and integrity of the voting process through its capacity to identify and prevent ineligible voters and multiple voting. To guarantee accessibility to all eligible voters, it supports both online and offline voting capabilities. Adopting electronic form of voting would provide a more robust, easier to use, and reliable system of voting, which, consequently, would contribute towards enhancing the delivery of democratic dividends.

Mobile Commerce often referred to as “M-Commerce” or “mCommerce” is a new dimension or extension of e-Commerce that is performed by mobile devices and Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) using mobile phone networks. As the number of mobile users is increasing dramatically the prospect of m-commerce is also increasing day by day in developing countries like Bangladesh. Though there are a lot of researchers has written about the prospect and adoption of M-commerce but in my research, I tried to find out the statistical analysis of mobile users, mobile internet users; M-commerce current status in Bangladesh. Research also has been done for a number of visitors of stakeholder’s site, using the ranking tools, uses of mobile apps by customers and limitation of mobile commerce adoption in Bangladesh those were not discussed earlier. Here, I collected data through web and phone call from various stakeholders, in the top line m-commerce business, studied and identified the problem, shown the current status and major barriers of M-commerce and suggested a methodological framework.

Server-side scripts like Hyper-Text Preprocessor, Active Server Pages, and their interaction with databases, has been one of the most popularly used packages for Large Database Intensive Enterprise Software today. In this paper, an approach based on a detailed and efficient method for compiling Web-Applications into executable formats to increase ease of software distribution, where limited internet access exists, is proposed. By this approach, first, one of the server-side scripts and a very popular web-application language in the world, Hyper-Text Preprocessor, is employed as a case study. Second, the methodology of using C++ for writing server installation scripts and creating Graphics User Interface Applications with Qt is shown, with tested applications. Third, Inno Setup Compiler scripts are written and used for compiling into installation and uninstallation setup files. Finally, the relevance of offline Web-Applications for solving scientific problems, the enhancement of C++ codes powered by Graphics User Interface for scientific computation, through inter-channels communication using Qt, and the steps required to easily conquer the challenges faced during the installation of Web-Applications’ Servers and Databases like MySQL, are discussed. This approach is efficiently manifested by indicating and confirming this computational potential in the installation and usage of offline web-applications.

The Arabic Optical Characters Recognition (AOCR) is one of the challenging recognition tasks nowadays, as Arabic handwriting is cursive and contains many dots. Dots are a big challenge for Arabic recognizers, as writers sometimes connect them. Moreover, Dots are prone to be considered noise. This paper proposes a new divide and conquers based approach that tries to conquer dots problems. The novelty of the proposed approach is in its feature extraction method. The extracted features are used to train Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Feed-forward. The result is interesting and shows that this method should be further investigated.

Feature selection is an indispensable pre-processing technique for selecting more relevant features and eradicating the redundant attributes. Finding the more relevant features for the target is an essential activity to improve the predictive accuracy of the learning algorithms because more irrelevant features in the original feature space will cause more classification errors and consume more time for learning. Many methods have been proposed for feature relevance analysis but no work has been done using Bayes Theorem and Self Information. Thus this paper has been initiated to introduce a novel integrated approach for feature weighting using the measures viz., Bayes Theorem and Self Information and picks the high weighted attributes as the more relevant features using Sequential Forward Selection. The main objective of introducing this approach is to enhance the predictive accuracy of the Naive Bayesian Classifier.

Portable consumer electronics is most demanding in every segment of electronic industry and to satisfy the needs of low power electronics, comprehensive approaches and techniques have been proposed by various researchers. Reversible logic is one among emerging and competent technologies with profound applications in fields of computer graphics, optical information processing, quantum computing, DNA computing, ultra low power CMOS design and communication. ALU is a fundamental component of all processing units. Portability in computing system highly demands for reversible logic based ALU. Many researchers have proposed exact synthesis approaches of ALU design based on reversible logic but few have come up with reduced quantum cost without long computation overhead. Here in this paper heuristic approach has been used which not only provides solution for large number of variables but also avoids sufferings caused by long computation overhead. The main goal of this paper is to propose reversible logic based ALU and further it is optimized by Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm combined with Depth First Search (DFS) in terms of reduced quantum cost.

An image segmentation is an area in which image is subdivided into sub-regions for extracting characteristics of images which will help to analysis in various applications. For getting accuracy sharp changes of intensity is an important issue which is known as edge detection. In this paper various spatial edge detection methods and fuzzy based edge detection method has described and spatial edge detection methods and fuzzy if-then-else are compared to know which method will be more suitable to find edges for the enhancement of images.