International Journal of Image, Graphics and Signal Processing (IJIGSP)
IJIGSP Vol. 4, No. 7, 28 Jul. 2012
Cover page and Table of Contents: PDF (size: 697KB)
Analysis of P-QRS-T Components Modified by Blind Watermarking Technique Within the Electrocardiogram Signal for Authentication in Wireless Telecardiology Using DWT
Full Text (PDF, 697KB), PP.33-46
Views: 0 Downloads: 0
Author(s)
Nilanjan Dey
1,*
Sayantan Mukhopadhyay
2
Achintya Das
3
Sheli Sinha Chaudhuri
4
Index Terms
ECG, P-QRS-T Components, R-R Interval, Spread- Spectrum, Cardiac Output
Abstract
Presently considerable amount of work has been done in tele-monitoring which involves the transmission of bio-signals and medical images in the wireless media. Intelligent exchange of bio-signals amongst hospitals needs efficient and reliable transmission. Watermarking adds “ownership” information in multimedia contents to prove the authenticity, to verify signal integrity, or to achieve control over the copy process. This paper proposes a novel session based blind watermarking method with secret key by embedding binary watermark image into (Electrocardiogram) ECG signal. The ECG signal is a sensitive diagnostic tool that is used to detect various cardio-vascular diseases by measuring and recording the electrical activity of the heart in exquisite detail. The first part of this paper proposes a multi-resolution wavelet transform based system for detection ‘P’,‘Q’,‘R’,‘S’,‘T’ peaks complex from original ECG signal of human being. ‘R-R’ time lapse is an important component of the ECG signal that corresponds to the heartbeat of the concerned person. Abrupt increase in height of the ‘R’ wave or changes in the measurement of the ‘R-R’ interval denote various disorders of human heart. Similarly ‘P-P’, ‘Q-Q’, ‘S-S’, ‘T-T’ intervals also correspond to different disorders of heart and their peak amplitude envisages other cardiac diseases. In this proposed method the ‘P Q R S T’-peaks are marked and stored over the entire signal and the time interval between two consecutive ‘R’-peaks and other peaks interval are measured to detect anomalies in behavior of heart, if any. The peaks are achieved by the composition of Daubechies sub-bands wavelet of original ECG signal. The accuracy of the P, QRS and T components detection and interval measurement is achieved with high accuracy by processing and thresholding the original ECG signal. The second part of the paper proposes a Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) and Spread Spectrum based watermarking technique. In this approach, the generated watermarked signal having an acceptable level of imperceptibility and distortion is compared to the Original ECG signal. Finally, a comparative study is done for the intervals of two consecutive ‘R-R’ peaks, ‘P-R’, ‘Q-T’, ‘QTc’, QRS duration, cardiac output between original P, QRS and T components detected ECG signal and the watermarked P,QRS and T components detected ECG signal.
Cite This Paper
Nilanjan Dey,Sayantan Mukhopadhyay,Achintya Das,Sheli Sinha Chaudhuri,"Analysis of P-QRS-T Components Modified by Blind Watermarking Technique Within the Electrocardiogram Signal for Authentication in Wireless Telecardiology Using DWT", IJIGSP, vol.4, no.7, pp.33-46, 2012. DOI: 10.5815/ijigsp.2012.07.04
Reference
[1]ECG Signal Analysis Using Wavelet Transforms, C. Saritha, V. Sukanya, Y. Narasimha Murthy, Department of Physics and Electronics, S.S.B.N. COLLEGE (Autonomous), Andhra Pradesh, India(http://bjp-bg.com/papers/bjp2008_1_68-77.pdf)
[2]Automatic Detection of ECG R-R Interval using Discrete Wavelet Transformation, Vanisree K, Jyothi Singaraju, International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering (IJCSE), Vol. 3 No. 4 Apr 2011.
[3]Identification of Cardiac Arrhythmias using ECG, Pooja Sharma, Ms. Lakhwinder Kaur, Int.J.Computer Technology & Applications, Vol 3 (1), 293-297.
[4]http://www.cinc.org/2011/preprints/247.pdf
[5]A Novel Approach of Color Image Hiding using RGB Color planes and DWT, Nilanjan Dey, Anamitra Bardhan Roy, Sayantan Dey, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887), Volume 36– No.5, December 2011
[6]A Real Time QRS Detection Algorithm, Jiapu Pan and Willis J. Tompkins, Senior Member, IEEE, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical engineering, Vol . BME 32, NO. 3, March 1985.
[7]Christian Rey, Jean-Luc Dugelay, “A Survey of Watermarking Algorithms for Image Authentication,” EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing. Volume 2002 (2002), Issue 6, Pages 613-621.
[8]G. Voyatzis, N. Nikolaidis, and I. Pitas. Digital watermarking: an overview. In S. Theodoridis et al., editors, Signal processing IX, theories and applications: proceedings of Eusipco-98, Ninth European Signal Processing Conference, Rhodes, Greece, 8–11 September 1998, pages 9–12, Patras, Greece, 1998. Typorama Editions.
[9]Potdar, Vidysagar and Han, Song and Chang, Elizabeth, “A survey of digital image watermarking techniques”, Proceeding of 3rd IEEE-International Conference on Industrial Informatics, Frontier Technologies for the Future of Industry and Business, pp. 709-716, Perth, WA, Aug 10, 2005.
[10]Chan, C. K. and Cheng, L. M. 2003. Hiding data in image by simple LSB substitution. Pattern Recognition, 37:469-474.
[11]Juan R. Hernández, Martín Amado, Fernando Pérez-González, “DCT-Domain Watermarking Techniques for Still Images: Detector Performance Analysis and a New Structure”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOL. 9, NO. 1, JANUARY 2000.
[12]B. Tao and B. Dickinson, “Adaptive watermarking in the DCT domain,” in ICCASP’97. Munich, Germany, Apr. 1997, pp. 2985–2988.
[13]Anumol T.J, P Karthigaikumar,” DWT based Invisible Image Watermarking Algorithm for Color Images,” IJCA Special Issue on “Computational Science - New Dimensions & Perspectives” NCCSE, 2011.
[14]Mei Jiansheng, Li Sukang. Tan Xiaomei,” A Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based On DCT and DWT”, Proceedings of the 2009 International Symposium on Web Information Systems and Applications (WISA’09) Nanchang, P. R. China, May 22-24, 2009, pp. 104-107.
[15]E. Hoˇsˇt´alkov´a, A.Proch´azka, Institute of Chemical Technology, Department of Computing and Control Engineering,” WAVELET SIGNAL AND IMAG E DENOISING.”
[16]Nilanjan Dey, Moumita Pal, Achintya Das, “A Session Based Blind Watermarking Technique within the NROI of Retinal Fundus Images for Authentication Using DWT, Spread Spectrum and Harris Corner Detection”, International Journal of Modern Engineering Research , Vol.2, Issue.3, May-June 2012 pp-749-757.
[17]http://library.med.utah.edu/kw/ecg/ecg_outline/Lesson3/index.html
[18http://www.physiol.med.uu.nl/interactivephysiology/ipweb/misc/assignmentfiles/cardiovascular/ Cardiac_Output.pdf