Solving the Optimal power flow (OPF) problem is an urgent task for power system operators. It aims at finding the control variables’ optimal scheduling subjected to several operational constraints to achieve certain economic, technical and environmental benefits. The OPF problem is mathematically expressed as a nonlinear optimization problem with contradictory objectives and subordinated to both constraints of equality and inequality. In this work, a new hybrid optimization technique, that integrates the merits of cuckoo search (CS) optimizer, is proposed to ameliorate the krill herd algorithm (KHA)'s poor efficiency. The proposed hybrid CS-KHA has been expanded for solving for single and multi-objective frameworks of the OPF problem through 11 case studies. The studied cases reflect various economic, technical and environmental requirements. These cases involve the following objectives: minimization of non- smooth generating fuel cost with valve-point loading effects, emission reduction, voltage stability enhancement and voltage profile improvement. The CS-KHA presents krill updating (KU) and krill abandoning (KA) operator derived from cuckoo search (CS) amid the procedure when the krill updating in order to extraordinarily improve its adequacy and dependability managing OPF problem. The viability of these improvements is examined on IEEE 30-bus, IEEE 57-bus and IEEE 118-bus test system. The experimental results prove the greatest ability of the proposed hybrid meta-heuristic CS-KHA compared to other famous methods.

Health care is a major research domain needed instantaneous solutions. Due to the digitalization of data in each and every domain it is becoming tedious to store and analysis. So, the demand of proficient algorithms for health care data analysis is also increasing. Predictive analytics is the major demand from the health care community to the computing researches in order to predict and reduce the potential health catastrophes. Parallel research attempts are made to predict the possibilities of the disease on the different health care domains at various regions. However, those attempts are limited and not remarkable to achieve the desired outcomes. Recently, in the field of data analytics; Machine Learning techniques became popular in generating optimized solutions with effective data processing capabilities. Henceforth, this research work considers the heart disease analysis using machine learning techniques to determine the disease severity levels. Experiments are made on UCI heart disease dataset and our results shows 92% accuracy the heart severity detection.

The hand gesture recognition system is the hottest topic for the human-machine interaction and computer vision fields. The hand gesture recognition system is still a challenging research area in computer vision for human-computer interaction because of various device conditions, various illumination effects, and very complex background. The recognition of hand gestures used in various application areas: such as sign language recognition, man-machine interaction, human-robot interaction, and intelligent device control and many other application areas. The robust detection of hand in hand gesture recognition system has become a challenging task due to clutter background, dynamic background, and various illumination conditions in real-world conditions. Segmentation is the partioning/separating the foreground hand region from the background region in an image. Segmentation is also pre-processing steps of the hand gesture recognition system. The recognition accuracy will increase if the hand region correctly detected. So, hand region detection is the main important step for the hand gesture recognition system. 

Human action recognition has a very vast application such as security, patient care, etc. Background cluttering, appearance change due to variation in viewpoint and occlusion are the prominent hurdles that can reduce the recognition rate significantly. Methodologies based on Bag-of-visual-words are very popular because they do not require accurate background subtraction. But the main disadvantage with these methods is that they do not retain the geometrical structural information of the clusters that they form. As a result, they show intra-class mismatching. Furthermore, these methods are very sensitive to noise. Addition of noise in the cluster also results in the misclassification of the action. To overcome these problems we proposed a new approach based on modified Bag-of-visual-word. Proposed methodology retains the geometrical structural information of the cluster based on the calculation of contextual distance among the points of the cluster. Normally contextual distance based on Euclidean measure cannot deal with the noise but in the proposed methodology contextual distance is calculated on the basis of a difference between the contributions of cluster points to maintain its geometrical structure. Later directed graphs of all clusters are formed and these directed graphs are described by the Laplacian. Then the feature vectors representing Laplacian are fed to the Radial Basis Function based Support Vector Machine (RBF-SVM) classifier.

This paper presents a method to reduce the musical noise encountered with the most of the frequency domain speech enhancement algorithms. Musical Noise is a phenomenon which occurs due to random spectral speaks in each speech frame, because of large variance and inaccurate estimate of spectra of noisy speech and noise signals. In order to get low variance spectral estimate, this paper uses a method based on wavelet thresholding the multitaper spectrum combined with  noise estimation algorithm, which estimates noise spectrum based on the spectral average of past and present according to a predetermined weighting factor to reduce the musical noise. To evaluate the performance of this method, sine multitapers were used and the spectral coefficients are threshold using Wavelet thresholding to get low variance spectrum .In this paper, both scale dependent, independent thresholdings with soft and hard thresholding using Daubauchies wavelet were used to evaluate the proposed method in terms of objective quality measures under eight different types of real-world noises at three distortions of input SNR. To predict the speech quality in presence of noise, objective quality measures like Segmental SNR ,Weighted Spectral Slope Distance ,Log Likelihood Ratio, Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) and composite measures are compared against wavelet de-noising techniques, Spectral Subtraction and Multiband Spectral Subtraction  provides consistent performance to all eight different noises in most of the cases considered.

Arthritis is a joint disorder featuring inflammation. There are numerous forms of Arthritis. Arthritis essentially causes joint dis-functioning which may further tend to cause deformity and disability. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one form of arthritis which is mostly seen in old age group. A patient suffering from OA needs to visit medical experts where clinical and radiographic examination is carried out. Analysis of bone structures in initial stage is bit complex. So any vague conclusion drawn from the radiographic images may make the treatment faulty and troublesome. Thus to overcome this we have developed an algorithm that computes the cartilage area/thickness using various shape descriptors. The computed descriptors obtained the accuracy of 99.81% for K-nearest neighbour classifier and 95.09% for decision tree classifier. The estimated cartilage thickness is validated by radiographic experts as per KL grading framework which will be helpful to the doctors for quick and appropriate analysis of ailment in the early stage. The results are competitive and promising as reported in the literature.